It is interesting to see the increasing influence of non-Chinese cultures and ideas. Since the fall of the Han Dynasty, Sinocentric values have faltered and waned. The Tang Dynasty seems to be the pinnacle of this diversity within Chinese culture. In the time since the Han fell, the region has seen a vast increase in non-indigenous religion, fashion, food, language, and values. While there are those in the Tang Dynasty who decry and belittle foreign influence, it has undoubtedly made its mark in China. Part of this influence comes from the non-Han rulers that have controlled parts of the area since the Han fell, particularly in the North. Merchants and their wares also play a part, as people across history have always been intrigued by foreign goods and their exotic unfamiliarity.
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I like how you address the changing value systems following the dismantling of the Han; it is so fascinating to read how those developments take place. I totally agree that the Tang was the pinnacle diversity within Chinese culture. I also agree that it is crucial to think about the influence Xiongnu to the north, during and after the Han fell.